[Back to North American Fulgoridae]
Contents
- 1 Family Fulgoridae Latreille, 1807
- 1.1 Subfamily Poiocerinae Haupt, 1929
- 1.2 Tribe Poiocerini Haupt, 1929
- 1.2.0.1 Subtribe Poiocerina Haupt, 1929
- 1.2.0.2 Genus Alaruasa Distant, 1906
- 1.2.0.3 Synonyms
- 1.2.0.4 Distribution
- 1.2.0.5 Recognized species
- 1.2.0.6 Economic Importance
- 1.2.0.7 Known host plants
- 1.2.0.8 Recognition
- 1.2.0.9 Online resources
- 1.2.0.10 Collecting
- 1.2.0.11 Molecular resources
- 1.2.0.12 Selected references
Family Fulgoridae Latreille, 1807
Subfamily Poiocerinae Haupt, 1929
Tribe Poiocerini Haupt, 1929
Subtribe Poiocerina Haupt, 1929
Genus Alaruasa Distant, 1906
Type species (in original combination): Poiocera lepida Spinola, 1839.
Synonyms
None.
Distribution
Mostly Central America (but reaches Texas and northern South America).
Recognized species
This genus apparently has 7 species, 1 of which gets into extreme southern U.S. [See Metcalf 1947: 45]
Alaruasa aerata (Distant, 1887) – Costa Rica, Panama
= Atalanta aerata Distant, 1887: 37.
= Cerogenes aerata (Distant, 1887), comb. by Da Costa Lima 1935.
= Alaruasa aerata (Distant, 1887), comb. by Nast 1951: 268.
Alaruasa anceps (Stal, 1869) – Mexico
= Acmonia anceps Stål, 1869: 238.
= Alaruasa anceps (Stål, 1869), comb. by O’Brien 1985: 660.
Alaruasa illustrata Nast, 1951 – Mexico (Guerrero), Guatemala
= Poblicia atomaria Distant, 1887: 32 nec Walker, according to Nast 1951: 274.
Alaruasa lepida (Spinola, 1839) – USA: TX; Mexico (Nuevo León), Guatemala, Brazil
= Poiocera lepida Spinola, 1839: 281.
= Poiocera constellata Walker, 1858: 50.
= Poblicia constellata (Walker, 1858), comb. by Distant 1887: 32.
= Alaruasa lepida (Spinola, 1839), comb. by Distant 1906.
= Poiocera atomaria Walker, 1858: 49.
= Poblicia atomaria (Walker, 1858), comb. by Da Costa Lima 1935.
= Poiocera tricolor Gerstaecker, 1860: 238.
= Poblicia tricolor (Gerstaecker, 1860), comb. by Da Costa Lima 1935.
= Poblicia constellata (Walker, 1858) nomen praeoccupatum replaced by Poblicia walkeri Oman, 1936 nomen novum, by Oman 1936: 105).
= Poblicia walkeri Oman, 1936 synonym of Poblicia tricolor (Gerstaecker, 1860) by Metcalf 1947: 65 (but treated as valid by Nast 1951: 274.
= Alaruasa atomaria (Walker, 1858), comb. by Nast 1951: 273.
= Alaruasa tricolor (Gerstaecker, 1860), comb. by Nast 1951: 273.
= Alaruasa atomaria (Walker, 1858) synonym of Alaruasa lepida (Spinola, 1839) by O’Brien 1985: 660.
= Alaruasa tricolor (Gerstaecker, 1860) synonym of Alaruasa lepida (Spinola, 1839) by O’Brien 1985: 660.
Alaruasa pallidoconspersa (Distant, 1905) – Mexico (Guerrero)
= Poblicia pallidoconspersa Distant, 1905: 145.
= Alaruasa pallidoconspersa (Distant, 1905), comb. by Nast 1951: 273.
Alaruasa violacea (Distant, 1887) – Guatemala
= Atalanta violacea Distant, 1887: 37.
= Cerogenes violacea (Distant, 1887), comb. by Da Costa Lima 1935.
= Alaruasa violacea (Distant, 1887), comb. by Nast 1951: 268.
Alaruasa walkeri Oman 1936: 105 (new name for Poiocera constellata Walker, 1858 nec Guerin-Meneville, 1860) – Mexico (syn. with A. lepida by Metcalf 1947 but treated as valid by Nast 1951).
Economic Importance
Limited.
Known host plants
None
Host from Wilson et al. (1994); plant names from USDA PLANTS or Tropicos.
Recognition
Head not strongly produced, head with eyes narrower than pronotum; no transverse carina on the pronotum (vs. Alphina and Calyptoproctus); sides of frons subparallel; forewings mostly opaque.
Some of the species carry conspicuous plumes of wax, e.g., A. violacea, A. aerata, this one identified as A. walkeri, and this one (not identified).
Online resources
BugGuide.
iNaturalist.
FLOW.
EOL.
GBIF.
BOLD.
GenBank.
3i.
Discover Life.
Flickr.
Cahurel entomologie.
Collecting
[?]
Molecular resources
Genbank and Barcode of life have COI data for Alaruasa lepida.
Selected references
Bartlett, C. R., L. B. O’Brien and S. W. Wilson. 2014. A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 50: 1-287.
Da Costa Lima, A. M. 1935. Catalogo das especies americanas de Laternaridae (Homoptera : Fulgoroidea). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 30: 481-517.
Distant, W. L. 1887. Rhynchota: Homoptera. Biologia Centrali-Americana 1: 33-40.
Distant, W. L. 1905. Cicadidae and Fulgoridae. Biologia Centrali-Americana 1: 140-146.
Distant, W. L. 1906. Rhynchotal notes xxxix. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) 18: 191-208.
Gerstaecker, C. E. A. 1860. Uebersicht der bis jetz bekannten Arten der Fulgoriden-Gattung Poiocera Lap. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 26: 210-244.
Goemans, G. 2006. The Fulgoridae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) of Guatemala. Pp. 337–344. In: E.B. Cano, (ed.). Biodiversidad de Guatemala. Volume 1. Publicado por la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala. vi+674 pp.
Haupt, H. 1929b. Neueinteilung der Homoptera-Cicadina nach phylogenetisch zu wertenden Merkmalen. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systemetik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere. Jena 58: 173-286.
Latreille, P. A. 1807. Sectio secunda. Familia quarta. Cicadariae. Cicadaires. Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum secundum ordinem naturalem in familias disposita, iconibus exemplisque plurimis explicata 3: 1-258.
Metcalf, Z. P. 1938. The Fulgorina of Barro Colorado and other parts of Panama. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Coll. 82: 277-423.
Metcalf, Z. P. 1947. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle IV Fulgoroidea. Part 9 Fulgoridae. Smith College, Northhampton, Massachusetts. (p. 45 for Alaruasa)
Nast, J. 1951. Some remarks on Neotropical Fulgoridae with descriptions of new genera and species (Homoptera). Annales Musei Zoologici Polonici 14: 267-279.
O’Brien, L. B. 1985. New synonymies and combinations in New World Fulgoroidea (Achilidae, Delphacidae, Flatidae, Fulgoridae: Homoptera). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78(5): 657-662.
Oman, P. W. 1936. A new Poblicia from Texas. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 9: 105-107.
Porion, T. 1994. Fulgoridae I: catalogue illustre de la faune americaine. Sciences Nat, Venette.
Stål, C. 1869. Analecta Hemipterologica. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 13: 225-242.
Urban J. M. and J. R. Cryan. 2009. Entomologically famous, evolutionarily unexplored: The first phylogeny of the lanternfly family Fulgoridae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 50: 471-484.
Walker, F. 1858. Supplement. In: List of the specimens of Homopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, p. 1-307. [p. 49]
Wilson, S. W., C. Mitter, R. F. Denno and M. R. Wilson. 1994. Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: R. F. Denno and T. J. Perfect, (eds.). Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York. Pp. 7-45 & Appendix.