[Return to North American Issidae]
Contents
Family Issidae Spinola, 1839
Subfamily Issinae Spinola, 1839
Tribe Hysteropterini Melichar, 1906
[Higher taxonomy revised by Wang et al. 2016; formerly placed in Issinae, Issini, subtribe Hysteropterina; see also Gnezdilov 2016]
Subtribe Agalmatiina Gnezdilov, 2002
Genus Agalmatium Emeljanov, 1971
Type species (in original combination): Cercopis grylloides Fabricius, 1794; junior syn. of Fulgora flavescens Olivier, 1791.
Synonyms
None.
Distribution
A Palearctic genus adventive in California.
Recognized species
There are 6 species currently in this genus
Agalmatium abruptum (De Bergevin, 1920) – Morroco
Agalmatium bilobum (Fieber, 1877) – USA: CA (adventive); Bulgaria, France, Georgia, Greece, Israel, Italy (inc. Sardinia and Sicily), Lebanon, Palestine, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Krasnodar territory), Spain (Inc. Canary Islands), Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine (inc. Crimea)
= Hysteropterum bilobum Fieber 1877: 16.
= Agalmatium bilobum (Fieber, 1877); comb. by implication Emeljanov 1971: 353.
= Hysteropterum angustum Melichar 1906: 130; syn. by Dlabola 1980: 234.
= Hysteropterum dubium Melichar 1906: 131; syn. by Dlabola 1984: 29.
= Hysteropterum inconspicuum Matsumura 1910: 27; syn. by Dlabola 1984: 29.
= Hysteropterum severini Caldwell & DeLong, 1948: 176; syn. by Gnezdilov & O’Brien 2006a: 51.
= Hysteropterum beameri Doering, 1958: 101; syn. with H. severini Caldwell & Delong, 1948 by O’Brien 1988a: 868; syn. with A. bilobum by Gnezdilov & O’Brien 2006a: 51. Metcalf 1958, Doering 1958, O’Brien 1988a, Gnezdilov & O’Brien 2006a
Agalmatium costale (Matsumura, 1910) – Grenada, Spain, Portugal
= Hysteropterum dubiosum Matsumura, 1910; synonym by Dlabola (1984)
Agalmatium curtulum (Melichar, 1906) – Spain, Portugal
Agalmatium flavescens (Olivier, 1791) – Mediterranean region; southern parts of central Europe, southern Russia (Krasnodor) [Algeria , Armenia, Bulgaria, France, Italy (inc. Sardegna), Morocco, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain (inc. Canary Islands), Turkey]
Agalmatium grylloides (Fabricius, 1794) – Morocco, Jordan [may = the previous]
Distribution information from Metcalf (1958) and Holzinger et al. (2003) and FLOW.
Economic Importance
Unclear, apparently low impact.
Schlinger (1958) describes the biology of Agalmatium bilobum (as Hysteropterum beameri) in California, which creates ‘mud cases’ for its eggs (see also Boulard 1987). [the link is to an image, but the site may not be long-lived].
Plant associations
- Agalmatium bilobum – Avena sativa L. (common oat, Poaceae); Cannabis sativa L. (Rosales, Cannabaceae); Chenopodium sp. (Caryophyllales, Amaranthaceae); Cistus salviifolius L. (Malvales, Cistaceae); Cupressus sp. (Cupressales, Cupressaceae); Eleagnus sp. (Rosales, Elaeagnaceae); Fraxinus sp. (Lamiales, Oleaceae); Medicago sativa L. (Fabales, Fabaceae); Olea europea L. (Lamiales, Oleaceae); Pinus sp. (Pinales, Pinaceae); Pistacia sp. (Sapindales, Anacardiaceae); Platanus sp. (Hamamelidales, Platanaceae); Populus sp. (Malpighiales, Salicaceae); Prunus amygdalus Batsch (Rosales, Rosaceae); Prunus armeniaca L. (Rosales, Rosaceae); Prunus domestica L. (Rosales, Rosaceae); Pyrus sp. (Rosales, Rosaceae); Quercus sp. (Fagales, Fagaceae); Sesamum indicum L. (Lamiales, Pedaliaceae); Sinapis sp. (Brassicales, Brassicaceae); Spartium junceum L. (Fabales, Fabaceae); Tamarix sp. (Caryophyllales, Tamaricaceae); Triticum sp. (Poales, Poaceae); Verbascum sp. (Lamiales, Scrophulariaceae).
- Agalmatium grylloides – Ficus (figs, Moraceae); Ficus carica L. (Rosales, Moraceae); Medicago sativa L. (Fabales, Fabaceae); Olea europea L. (Lamiales, Oleaceae); Pinus sp. (Pinales, Pinaceae); Populus sp. (Malpighiales, Salicaceae); Prunus amygdalus Batsch (Rosales, Rosaceae); Tamarix sp. (Caryophyllales, Tamaricaceae); Ulmus minor Mill. (Rosales, Ulmaceae).
See FLOW for a list of host associations; host associations from FLOW, Wilson et al. 1994, Lodos & Kalkandelen (1981), Gnezdilov et al. (2014); plant names from USDA PLANTS or Tropicos.
Recognition
Hind wings reduced or obsolete, forewings leathery, held tectiform, venation reticulate (but not excessively); intermediate carinae of frons (between the median carina and lateral margin) obsolete; frons flat from a frontal view. In the US, found only in California.
Online resources
Bugguide.
iNaturalist.
FLOW.
EOL.
GBIF.
BOLD.
GenBank.
3i.
Gemlik Olive (Agalmatium flavescens)
Collecting
Adults are taken by sweeping or beating.
Molecular resources
As of this writing, there are 2 species of Agalmatium on the Barcode of Life and on GenBank.
Selected references
Bartlett, C. R., L. B. O’Brien and S. W. Wilson. 2014. A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 50: 1-287.
Bodenheimer, F. S. 1958. Türkiye’de ziraate zararh olan böcekler ve bunlarla savaş hakkında bir etüd. (Çeviren N. Kenter). Bayur Matbaası, Ankara 347.
Boulard, M. 1987. Contribution a l’etude des Issidae. L’ootheque terreuse des ‘Hysteropterum’, un probleme evolutif (Hom. Fulgoroidea). Bulletin de la Societé Entomologique de France 92(1-2): 5-17.
Demir, E. 2006. Preliminary report on the Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) fauna of Kazdaği National Park with two new records for Turkey. Acta Entomologica Slovenica 14(1): 89-102. (record of Agalmatium bilobum in Turkey).
Dlabola, J. 1965. Jordanische Zikaden (Homoptera Auchenorryncha). (Bearbeitung der von J. Klapperich im Jahre 1956-9 in Jordanien, Libanon und Syrien gesammelten Ausbeute). Sborník entomologického oddelení Národního Musea v Praze 36: 419-450.
Dlabola, J. 1980. Tribus-Einteilung, neue Gattungen und Arten der Subf.Issinae in der eremischen Zone (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae 36B(4): 173-248.
Dlabola, J. 1984. Typenrevision einiger mediterraner bzw. nordafrikanischer Hysteropterum (s.l.). (Auchenorrhyncha – Issidae). Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 17(195): 27-67.
Emeljanov, A. F. 1971. New genera of leafhoppers of the families Cixiidae and Issidae (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha) in the USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 50: 619-627 [624].
Fabricius, J. C. 1794. Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classas, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. 4: 472 pp. [54]
Gjonov, I. V. and A. Lapeva-Gjonova. 2017. Agalmatium flavescens (Hemiptera, Issidae) and Camponotus aethiops (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) – an unknown trophobiotic association. ZooNotes 109: 1-3.
Gnezdilov, V. M. 2002. Morphology of the ovipositor in the subfamily Issinae (Homoptera, Cicadina, Issidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 81(3): 605-626, 780.
Gnezdilov, V. M. 2016. Notes on the phylogenetic relationships of planthoppers of the family Issidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea) of the Western Palaearctic fauna, with descriptions of two new genera. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 95(2): 362-382.
Gnezdilov, V. M. and L. B. O’Brien. 2006a. Hysteropterum severini Caldwell & Delong, 1948, a new synonym of Agalmatium bilobum (Fieber, 1877) (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Issidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 82: 50-53.
Gnezdilov, V. M., W. E. Holzinger and M.R. Wilson. 2014. The western Palaearctic Issidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea): An illustrated checklist and key to genera and subgenera. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 318 (Supplement 1): 1-121.
Holzinger, W. E., I. Kammerlander and H. Nickel. 2003. Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha excluding Cicadellidae. Volume 1. The Auchenorrhyncha of Central Europe. Brill Academic Publishing, Leiden, Netherlands.
Kuznetsova, V. G., A. Maryanska-Nadachowska and S. Nokkala. 2009. Karyotype characterization of planthopper species Hysteropterum albaceticum Dlabola, 1983 and Agalmatium bilobum (Fieber, 1877) (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Issidae) using AgNOR-, C- and DAPI/CMA(3) -banding techniques. Comparative Cytogenetics 3(2): 111-123.
Lodos, N. and A. Kalkandelen. 1981. Preliminary list of Auchenorrhyncha with notes on distribution and importance of species in Turkey IV. Family Issidae Spinola. Türkiye Bitki koruma Dergisi 5(1): 5-21.
Logvinenko, V. N. 1975. Fulgoroidea. Fauna Ukraini 20(2): 1-287.
Matsumura, S. 1910. Neue Cicadinen aus Europa und Mittelmeergebiet (Schluss). Journal of the College of Sciences, Imperial University of Tokyo. Tokyo 27(18): 1-38.
Melichar, L. 1906a. Monographie der Issiden. (Homoptera). Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königliche Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 3: 1-327.
Metcalf, Z. P. 1958. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle IV, Fulgoroidea, Part 15, Issidae. Waverly Press, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland.
Olivier, G. A. 1791. Fulgore, Fulgora. Encyclopedie méthodique. Histoire naturelle des animaux. Insectes 6: 561-577.
Oromi, P., S. De la Cruz and M. Báez. 2010. Hemiptera. Pp. 234-253. In: M. Arechavaleta, S. Rodriguez, N. Zurita and A. Garcia. 2010. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2009., Gobierno de Canarias, Tenerife (Spain).
Schlinger, E. I. 1958. Notes on the biology of a mud egg-case making fulgorid, Hysteropterum beameri Doering (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 31(2): 104-106.
Silvestri, F. 1934. Compendio di Entomologia Applicata (Agraria-Forestale-Medica-Veterinaria). Parte speciale. Vol. 1 (Fogli 1-28). Portici. Stab. Tip. Bellavista. 448 pp. (re: Agalmatium bilobum behavior).
Spinola, M. 1839a. Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhyngotes. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 8: 133-337.
Spinola, M. 1839b. Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhyngotes. (Suite). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 8: 339-454.
Wang, M. L., Y. L. Zhang and T. Bourgoin. 2016. Planthopper family Issidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha): Linking molecular phylogeny with classification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 105:224-234.
Wilson, S. W., C. Mitter, R. F. Denno and M. R. Wilson. 1994. Evolutionary patterns of host plant use by delphacid planthoppers and their relatives. In: R. F. Denno and T. J. Perfect, (eds.). Planthoppers: Their Ecology and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York. Pp. 7-45 & Appendix.